Coulee Marsh Trail  | oil pastel on canvas |   24" x 48" |   Daniel Wend


The great Missoula floods at the end of the last ice age were catastrophic in their effect and
gargantuan in their scale. The floods were caused by the fracturing of a glacial ice dam in
present day Montana that released an amount of water equal to Lake Superior over Eastern
Washington State in a matter of hours and days, contrary to what most geologists of prior
years had theorized. Enter geologist, J Harlen Bretz who had become sceptical of such
unusual geologic formations forming over millions of years from erosion. To Bretz, the
Channeled Scablands, as much of eastern Washington had been referred to, resulted from
something much more cataclysmic. The features he questioned were dramatic formations
that he suggested were scoured and cut from the surface by giant raging floods that left
massive dry gorges that looked to be cut by the force of water, but there was no water
to be found. Large holes dotted the landscape which he attributed to the drilling effect of
whirlpools in the torrent. Not until the 1940's, after enduring criticism and ridicule
did other geologists start to accept his ideas. Only after satellite imagery became available
in the 1970's, was he fully vindicated and later lauded for his groundbreaking work.

This painting depicts what the landscape of the Channeled Scablands may have looked like
after a fresh scouring from one of the great floods.

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